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Bài giảng Mạng máy tính - Chapter 4: Network layer

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MẠNG MÁY TÍNH  
(COMPUTER NETWORKING)  
Nội dung môn học  
Chapter 1: Computer Networks and the Internet  
Chapter 2: Application Layer  
Chapter 3: Transport Layer  
Chapter 4: Network Layer  
Chapter 5: The Link Layer and Local Area Network  
Data Link  
Chapter 6: Wireless and Mobile Networks  
Chapter 7: Multimedia Networking  
Chapter 8: Security in Computer Networks  
Chapter 9: Network Management  
1.2  
Chapter 4: NETWORK  
LAYER  
Network Layer Design Isues  
• Store-and-Forward Packet Switching  
• Services Provided to the Transport Layer  
• Implementation of Connectionless Service  
• Implementation of Connection-Oriented Service  
• Comparison of Virtual-Circuit and Datagram Subnets  
4
1/9/2017  
1.4  
1.5  
Store-and-Forward Packet Switching  
The environment of the network layer protocols.  
6
1.6  
2-key network-layer functions  
Forwarding: move pkts from router’s input to appropriate  
router’s output  
Routing: determine route for pkts from source to dest  
Routing algorithms  
1.7  
Interplay btw routing and forwarding  
1.8  
Services Provided to the Transport Layer  
The services need to be carefully designed with the following goals  
in mind  
1. The services should be independent of the router technology.  
2. The transport layer should be shielded from the number, type,  
and topology of the routers present.  
3. The network addresses made available to the transport layer  
should use a uniform numbering plan, even across LANs and  
WANs.  
1.9  
Network layer connectionless and  
connection-oriented service  
Datagram network provides network layer connectionless service  
Virtual circuits network provides network layer connection-  
oriented service  
Similar to the transport layer services, but:  
Service: host-to-host (transport communication: process-to-  
process)  
No choice: network provides one or the other  
Implementation: in network core  
1.10  
Implementation of Connectionless  
Service  
11  
1.11  
Implementation of Connection-Oriented  
Service  
Routing within a virtual-circuit subnet.  
12  
1/9/2017  
1.12  
Comparison of Virtual-Circuit and  
Datagram Subnets  
13  
1/9/2017  
1.13  
Router Architecture Overview  
What is inside a router?  
Two key router functions:  
Run routing algorithms/protocol (RIP, OSPF, BGP)  
Forwarding datagrams from incoming to outgoing link  
1.14  
Input port functions  
1.15  
Output port functions  
1.16  
Routing Algorithms  
The Optimality Principle  
Shortest Path Routing  
Flooding  
Distance Vector Routing  
Link State Routing  
Hierarchical Routing  
Broadcast Routing  
Multicast Routing  
Routing for Mobile Hosts  
Routing in Ad Hoc Networks  
1.17  
Routing Algorithm Classification  
1.18  
A Link-State Routing Protocol  
1.19  
A Link-State Routing Protocol  
Dijsktra’s Algorithm  
1.20  
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